Glucosamine is a naturally occurring compound in the human body. It is an important nutrient to form chondrocytes and a natural tissue component of healthy articular cartilage. With the growth of age, the lack of glucosamine in the human body is more and more serious, and the articular cartilage is constantly degraded and worn. A large number of medical studies have shown that glucosamine can help repair and maintain cartilage and stimulate the growth of chondrocytes.

Chondroitin sulfate (CS) being a natural glycosaminoglycan is found in the cartilage and extracellular matrix. It is widely used in joint-health formulations for the finger, knee, hip joints, low back, facial joints and other diseases due to its anti-inflammatory activity. CS is the lubricant of cartilage, which helps to maintain the water retention, adhesiveness and lubricity of cartilage. It is approved in the USA as a dietary supplement for OA, while it is used as a symptomatic slow-acting drug (SYSADOA) in Europe and some other countries.

Calcium can enhance the bone density of hard bone in human body.

Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are widely used ingredients in joint-health formulations for the knee, hip and finger.